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Fig. 8. Effects of hypoxia and quinidine on ventilation frequency in developing
zebrafish. (A) Larvae 3–9 d.p.f. were subjected to control solution
(Cont; PO2=150 mmHg; filled bars) or hypoxia
(Hox; PO2=25 mmHg; open bars) in a continuously
perfused chamber. Larvae responded to the hypoxic challenge with an increase
in ventilation frequency (min–1; mean ±
S.E.M.) as early as 3 d.p.f. This response
increased to a maximum at 
7 d.p.f. Asterisks denote a significant
increase in ventilation frequency compared to control at each developmental
stage (P<0.05; Student's t-test). In addition, the
ventilatory response to hypoxia was significantly greater at 7 d.p.f. compared
to the response at previous stages (P<0.001;
ANOVA–Bonferroni test). Sample sizes are indicated in the figure. (B)
Larvae 3–10 d.p.f. were exposed to control solution (Cont; filled bars)
or 1 mmol l–1 quinidine (Quid; hatched bars) in the same
perfusion system as in A. Ventilation frequency (mean ±
S.E.M.) in 3 d.p.f. larvae was not
significantly affected by the application of quinidine, but was
quinidine-sensitive at 7 and 10 d.p.f. Asterisks indicate a significant
difference from control at each developmental stage (P<0.05;
ANOVA–Bonferroni test). Sample sizes are indicated in the figure.
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