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Fig. 5. Motivated juveniles do not exhibit better learning than control juveniles.
To motivate juvenile snails we submerged them in hypoxic pond water for 30 min
before training. (A) Preventing juvenile snails from performing aerial
respiration for 30 min (i.e. submerged juveniles) before the observation
period significantly increases their total breathing time. Plotted are the
total breathing time (mean ± S.E.D.)
for adults (N=15, clear bar), juveniles (N=15, grey bar) and
submerged juveniles (N=12, striped bar). The submerged juveniles
breathe significantly longer than control juveniles (P<0.01) and
statistically the same as adults. (B) Submerged juveniles (N=28,
striped bars) received operant conditioning training immediately after being
submerged. The number of attempted openings of the submerged juveniles in
session 1 was not significantly different to adults (P>0.05).
These snails had a 27% reduction in the number of attempted openings in
session 2 compared with session 1. Control juvenile snails exhibited a 24%
reduction in session 2 compared with session 1.
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