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Fig. 2. Vorticity contour plots for jets emitted from a pipe with a sharp trailing edge into still water. (A) L/D=4.3, t=6.7 s, t/t_j=3.4, and (B) L/D=16, t=6.7 s, t/t_j=0.8, where L is the piston stroke length and D is the pipe inside diameter (2.39 cm). Piston velocity, u_p=5.0 cm s^-1. Red contours represent counterclockwise, or positive, vorticity and blue contours represent clockwise vorticity. Contour magnitudes are 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 rad s^-1. Magnitude increases monotonically from the outermost (0.5 rad s^-1) contour to the interior of any jet structure. Note that in B the closing of contours near the jet nozzle is an artifact of DPIV. In reality, these contours originate on the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe from which the jet is emitted.

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