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Fig. 7. Simulation results of walking as walking speed increases from 60 to 120%
PTS for the soleus (SOL), medial gastrocnemius (GAS) and tibialis anterior
(TA). (A) Muscle activation as a percent of maximum (Activation) and
musculotendon force (MT force), and (B) normalized muscle fiber length and
velocity. The fiber length was normalized to its optimal length and the
velocity was normalized to its maximum contraction velocity, which was
estimated as ten times the muscle fiber resting length per second
(Zajac, 1989). Negative
velocity values indicate muscle shortening. The gray filled regions indicate
general area of muscle activity.
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