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Fig. 3. Position of the inserted radio-opaque markers (coloured circles) and
additional landmarks (white circles) digitized to define the fish-bound frame
of reference (white broken lines) imposed on a lateral (A) and dorsoventral
(B) X-ray image of Clarias gariepinus (70.2 mm cranial length).
Contours of the lower jaw (red), hyoid bars (green), cleithrum (orange),
suspensorium (yellow) and operculum (blue) are shown. The markers are: (1) the
upper jaw tip, (2–4) landmarks on the roof of the buccal cavity, (5)
anterior of the neurocranium, close to the occipital process, (6) lower jaw
tip, (7,8) more caudal points on the left and right lower jaw, (9) rostral tip
of the hyoid, (10,11) approximate middle along left and right hyoids, near the
origin of the protractor hyoidei muscles, (12) tip of the cleithrum, (13,14)
caudal points on the left and right side of the cleithrum, near the base of
the pectoral fins, (15) suspensorium and (16) operculum. Landmark (1) was
taken as origin (0,0) and the X-axis is parallel to the least-squares
linear regression through points (1–4).
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