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Fig. 1. The zygomatic arch, consisting of zygomatic (Z) and squamosal (Sq) bones, and the masseter muscle (Mass) in (A) a 3.5-week-old piglet and (B) a 3.5-month-old juvenile pig, both domestic farm animals. The masseter originates mostly aponeurotically from the zygomatic bone. In the piglet (A), the aponeurosis is so thin posteriorly that the underlying zygomaticomandibularis muscle (arrow) is clearly visible. In the juvenile (B) the aponeurosis is thicker and shows clearer margins (denoted by a dashed line), and only a small corner of the zygomaticomandibularis (arrow) is visible. The scale bar indicates 1 cm. The dotted lines in B show the reference axes for plotting the orientation of tensile strain. The 0–180° line is parallel to the occlusal plane. Modified from Herring and Wineski (1986).





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