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Fig. 9. Lift coefficients are plotted as functions of time for a two-winged clap
and fling half-stroke. The bar at the top of the graph shows the number of
chord lengths traveled. The letters i–vi along the x axis
correspond to the times the streamlined plots labelled i–vi in
Fig. 7A,C were drawn. The
angles of attack during pure translation were set to 45°. Reynolds number
(Re) was varied by changing the translational velocity of the wing
from 0.00375 to 0.06 m s–1. The first peak corresponds to the
lift generated during wing rotation, and the second peak corresponds to the
lift generated during translational acceleration. The lift enhancing
mechanisms of fling decrease with increasing Re. For Re=32
and below, lift coefficients decrease during translation after fling as the
trailing edge vortex grows in strength. For Re=64 and above, lift
coefficients fall as the leading edge vortices separate from the wings.
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