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Fig. 6. Flow visualization and streamline plots of rotational fling at five points
in time. The wing motion used in each case is shown in
Fig. 5A. (A) Flow visualization
of fling captured by Spedding and Maxworthy
(1986) at a Reynolds number
(Re)
3 x103. (B) Streamline plots of fling
calculated numerically for two rigid elliptic wings by Sun and Yu
(2003) at Re
3
x103. (C) Streamline plots of fling calculated from immersed
boundary simulations at Re
128. In all cases, two large leading
vortices form and appear to remain attached to each wing during rotation.