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Fig. 3. DPIV measurements of flow created by a mechanical wake generator. Images
correspond to a meridian symmetry plane of the wake vortex ring. Streamlines
of the velocity field (i.e. lines tangent to each vector in the velocity
field) are plotted in yellow. Exit plane of the vortex generator is located at
the upper margin of the frame. Flow is directed vertically downward. Flow
field is 20 cm in height. (A) View of vortex ring propagating downstream from
the mechanical wake generator in the laboratory reference frame. (B) Same
vortex ring as in A, viewed in a reference frame that moves at the speed of
the propagating vortex ring. The full extent of the vortex is clearly visible
from this perspective. White arrows indicate location of vortex ring in A and
B.