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Fig. 6. Electromyogram (EMG) recordings of all four sonic muscles during the
production of a series of vibration pulses. (A) Lobsters most often produced
body vibrations by using the paired remotor and promotor muscles of only one
antenna (i.e. left or right) and often alternated between sides. Every lobster
tested used both sides in alternation, although in some individuals one side
was favored and used most often. (B) Lobsters also used simultaneous
contractions of the sonic muscles of both antennae to produce signals. In some
cases, both sets of muscles were used during the entire vibration, or, as seen
in B, one set was used for only part of the event. Vibrations produced by both
sets of muscles were not significantly longer in duration or different in
frequency than vibrations produced by one set. Scale: A and B, 20 mV for the
top trace (accelerometer), 16 µV for the EMG traces; time scale=200 ms.
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