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Fig. 2. Percentage survival (mean ± S.E.M.; N=50) of
first instar and newly moulted pre-reproductive S. avenae reared at
10°C, 72 h after rapid cold-hardening (RCH) treatment. Aphids were rapidly
cold-hardened at 0°C for increasing periods of time, prior to exposure to
the discriminating temperature (11.5°C for first instar nymphs and
12°C for newly moulted adults). Means with the same letter are not
significantly different at P<0.05 (Tukey multiple comparison
test).