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Fig. 2. Timing of electromyogram (EMG) offset (A) and onset (B) of activation
relative to the strain cycle in all makos (N=7; open symbols) at
anterior and posterior body positions, illustrating the lack of longitudinal
variation in the phase of activation. Values shown for each individual
represent a mean (± S.E.M.) of multiple tailbeat cycles.
Also shown are mean EMG/strain phases for the leopard shark (filled symbols),
modified from Donley and Shadwick
(2003). Inset in B is a
diagrammatic representation of activation phase relative to sinusoidal strain
cycle in mako (red) and leopard shark (black).