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Fig. 2. Relationship between hemolymph osmolarity and freeze tolerance. (A) Seasonal increases of hemolymph osmolality (B) Freeze-tolerance to either -20°C or -80°C based on 2 h observation at 22°C (no larvae survived freezing on September 20). (C) The effect of observation/thawing time on percentage survival. Open circles, Nov. 13 (-80°C, 20 days); filled triangles, Nov. 13 (-80°C, 40 days); open triangles, Dec. 11 (-80°C, 2 months); filled circles, Sept. 25 (-80°C, 48 h).





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