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Fig. 8. Vorticity plots at half-wing length near the end of a half-stroke at
various Reynolds number (Re). Solid and broken lines indicate
positive and negative vorticity, respectively. The magnitude of the
non-dimensional vorticity at the outer contour is 2 and the contour interval
is 3. Stroke amplitude (
)=150°, midstroke angle of attack
(
m)=40° and non-dimensional duration of wing rotation
(
r)=1.87 [mean angular velocity of rotation
(
)=0.93]; symmetrical rotation.