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Fig. 1. Diagrams of experimental setups. (A) Cross section of the dish used in
behavioural experiments. Tadpoles could be unattached on the bottom of the
dish, or attached by their cement gland mucus to a piece of wire, which was
fixed to the side of the dish. (B) Scale diagram of the Xenopus
tadpole to show the location of strokes to the head and tail used in
behavioural and electrophysiological experiments (shaded areas indicate region
and arrows indicate direction). Scale bar, 1 mm. (C) Diagram of the head of
the tadpole showing the mandibular nerve of the trigeminal ganglion
innervating the cement gland. The site of the lesion is shown by a dotted
line. (Modified from Roberts and Blight,
1975.) (D) Simulating cement gland attachment. The immobilised
tadpole was pinned to a Sylgard block that was rotated so that the tadpole
pointed downwards. A weight attached to the cement gland mucus was able to
hang freely. An extracellular suction electrode on an intermyotomal cleft
monitored fictive swimming activity from a motor nerve. Arrows show the
direction of rotation of the block.
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