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Fig. 7. Total cost of a stroke or stride in relation to body mass for swimming
phocid seals and running mammals. Each point represents the mean stroke costs
calculated from the oxygen consumption and stroke frequency of harbor
(Davis et al., 1985), and
gray, ringed and harp (Innes,
1984; Fish et al.,
1988) seals swimming in a flume. Weddell seal data are from the
present study. The solid line is the mean total cost per stroke for five
species of swimming phocid seal. The dashed line is the mean cost per stride
for running terrestrial mammals from Taylor et al.
(1982).
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