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Fig. 3. Ranges and mean positions of the head and trunk during treadmill walks and
gallops (N=10 cycles/gait). Vervet head range is plotted against
trunk range (A). The circles depict walks and the crosses depict gallops. A
comparable head range-trunk range plot (B) based on overground locomotor data
for two other species (Macaca radiata or bonnet macaque,
Semnopithecus entellus or hanuman langur) is provided for comparison
(Dunbar et al., 2004). The
circles depict walks and the crosses depict gallops by bonnet macaques,
whereas the squares depict walks and the inverted triangles depict gallops by
hanuman langurs. In A and B, the horizontal and vertical dashed lines indicate
the 20° threshold for stabilization of the head and trunk, respectively.
Mean head (C) and trunk (D) positions are plotted against locomotor velocity.
In A and C, the clusters of symbols to the left (lower velocities) are for
walks, whereas the clusters to the right (higher velocities) are for
gallops.
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