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Fig. 4. cGMP levels are stimulated by capa peptides in Diptera. Basal and
capa-stimulated cGMP levels in tubules from several species were measured by
radioimmunoassay (RIA). Tubules were stimulated with capa-1 (red),
AngCAPA-QGL (blue) and AngCAPA-GPT (green) peptides
(10-7 mol l-1) for 10 min. Data for each sample were
calculated as fmol cGMP µg-1 protein (±
S.E.M.; N=4–6) in order to normalise the data across
species. Protein estimations were conducted by the Bradford assay. In order to
aid comparison with other insects, values for G. morsitans tubules
have been under-represented on the graph: levels of cGMP in G.
morsitans tubules stimulated by A. gambiae capa peptides were
10±0.2 fmol µg-1 protein (AngCAPA-QGL) and
9.8±0.2 fmol µg-1 protein (AngCAPA-GPT) compared
with 0.610±0.025 fmol µg-1 protein for control tubules.
No increase in cGMP content was observed upon stimulation of S.
gregaria tubules with either capa-1, AngCAPA-QGL or
AngCAPA-GPT. *Statistically significant data compared with
untreated tubules, where P<0.05 (Student's t-test,
unpaired samples).
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