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Fig. 1. Illustrations of our field (A) and laboratory (B) sound-localization
experiments. In the field (A; Experiment I), flight error (FE) was calculated
for each trial as the mean angle subtending the `distance' between each perch
location, and the axis between the starting perch and the playback speaker.
Perch error (PE) was calculated as the angle subtending the `distance' between
each perch location. PE describes how perches are distributed in Florida scrub
habitat and we use FE (PE/2) as our best estimate for how towhees resolve
azimuth the field. In the laboratory (B; Experiment II), we employed a
two-alternative forced-choice (2AFC) task in which subjects were required to
discriminate between two horizontally apposed speaker positions and fly to
perches associated with each speaker. To gauge performance as a function of
speaker separation angle, we calculated the percentage of trials in which
subjects were able to fly to the perch associated with the speaker that played
the sound stimulus.
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