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Fig. 1. Anatomy of a Manduca proleg. (A) A late 5th instar larva is
illustrated from the right-hand side. Prolegs are found on abdominal segments
3-6 (A3-A6). The specialized legs on the most posterior segments are called
claspers. (B) A single right-hand side proleg is illustrated in a
three-quarter frontal view and is representative of each proleg on body
segments A3-A6. The pseudo segments, subcoxa and coxa are named by analogy
with segments in the articulated thoracic legs. The tip of the proleg is
called the planta and it carries the curved cuticular hooks (crochets) used
for gripping. The principal and accessory planta retractor muscles (PPRM and
APRM, respectively) have their origin on the lateral body wall near the
spiracle (not illustrated) and insert at the planta and coxa-subcoxa boundary,
respectively. The medial hairs are located along the inner surface of the
proleg.
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