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Fig. 1. Temperature profiles for representative nests at our study site in
north-central Nebraska. Both nests contained eight painted turtles that were
hatched in the laboratory and then placed into the nests in late October. (A)
A relatively warm nest; (B) a relatively cold nest. The broken horizontal
lines mark the equilibrium freezing point for bodily fluids of hatchlings
(Storey et al., 1991;
Packard and Packard, 1995;
Costanzo et al., 2000b).
Animals in this study hatched on substrates of vermiculite and consequently
had a somewhat greater capacity for supercooling than turtles hatching in the
field (Packard et al., 2001).
Data are from Packard et al.
(1997a).