Fig. 3. A computational simulation of jellyfish swimming. (A) A schematic of the body illustrates its shape at the beginning and immediately following the pulse phase (gray bar) for each propulsive cycle. (B) The jet model calculated thrust production from changes in bell height (blue line) and diameter (red line) and (C) the paddle model calculated thrust from changes in margin angle. (D) The force predicted by jet thrust (T_jet; green line), and drag (D; violet line) during a simulation of the jet model. The paddle thrust (T_paddle; orange line) was generated in a separate simulation of the paddle model, and the drag generated during this simulation is not shown. (E) The changes in swimming speed predicted by paddle and jet models.

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