Fig. 8. Functional model illustrating the suggested synergistic behaviour of the
claws and tarsal tenent setae during vertical upward climbing on plants that
combine attributes of both rough and smooth surfaces. (A) First, the claws
cling to a surface irregularity; (B) because of the downward-directed pull of
the leg, the ventral sides of the tarsomeres are subsequently pressed against
the substratum, compressing the tarsal tenent setae. Note that this model
assumes sub-apically recurved setae, but is also valid for smoothly curved
setae.
