Fig. 4. Three-dimensional representation of the left wing of an Atlantic puffin (Fratercula arctica) during diving. The spheres represent the position of the tail tip (Tail) and the rods represent the line between the wrist (Wrist) and the wing tip (Tip) and between the wrist and the elbow. The motion goes from right to left (i.e. starting with the red colour and ending with the green colour). The printed version and the start image of the movie (see http://www.biologists.com/JEB/movies/jeb3799.html) shows a ventral/lateroventral view. The three-dimensional coordinates were produced according to the specifications in the Materials and methods section.
