Fig. 3. Digital video frames showing typical stages of the takeoff period preceding cat jumps: (A) deep crouch, (B) mid-takeoff and (C) full extension of torso and hind limb at takeoff. Note the three calibration lines (joined, forming two right angles) in the background and the reflective dots designating the 11 anatomical landmarks whose movement was used to calculate maximum takeoff velocity (TOV).

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