Fig. 3. The relationships between Cl^- efflux (J_out^Cl) and external Cl^- concentration ([Cl^-]_ext) in stingrays acclimated to either ion-poor Rio Negro water (soft water, triangles and solid line, N=7) or ion-rich hard water (circles and dashed line, N=6). Values are means ± 1 S.E.M. There was a specific significant difference between the two relationships (^*P0.05) only around 300 µmol l^-1. The thicker line shows the uptake kinetic relationship for J_in^Cl from Fig. 1, and the arrows mark the intersection points of balance where J_in^Cl=J_out^Cl.

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