Fig. 10. Drag C_D (A, planform; B, projected) and lift C_L (C) coefficients as a function of Reynolds number for various animals. Black and grey diamonds indicate data for Grapsus tenuicrustatus in the aquatic and terrestrial postures, respectively. Diamonds represent data measured on animals near a substratum. Circles represent data measured on animals far from a substratum. Symbols are labelled as follows: A–C, crabs (Blake, 1985); D, crab (Plotnik, 1985); E,F, crayfish (Maude and Williams, 1983); G, lobster (Bill and Herrnkind, 1976); H, lobster in tail-flip posture (Jacklyn and Ritz, 1986); I,J, isopods (Alexander, 1990); K, euphausid (Torres, 1984); L, eurypterid (Plotnik, 1985); M,N, cockroaches (Full and Koehl, 1993); O, barnacle, (P, snail, Q,R, limpets (Denny et al., 1985); S, scallop (Hayami, 1991); T, sea urchin (Denny and Gaylord, 1996); U, inclined sand dollar (Nakamura, 1994); V, sea anemone (Koehl, 1977). Lift coefficients were measured at positive angles of attack: G. tenuicrustatus +4°; A–C, +5°; S, +25°.

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