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First published online March 12, 2009
Journal of Experimental Biology 212, 977-985 (2009)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2009
doi: 10.1242/jeb.026625

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Changes in efficiency and myosin expression in the small-muscle phenotype of mice selectively bred for high voluntary running activity

David G. McGillivray¹, Theodore Garland, Jr², Elizabeth M. Dlugosz², Mark A. Chappell² and Douglas A. Syme^1,*

¹ Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
² Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA

View larger version (7K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Examples of work loops generated by medial gastrocnemius muscles (upper panels) and soleus muscles (lower panels) from mini-muscle mice (line 3; M3) and normal mice (lines 7 and 8; N7, N8). Cycle frequency was 4 Hz for medial gastrocnemius and 2 Hz for soleus. Strain was 10% peak-to-peak. Stimulus phase and duration were adjusted to maximize net work output for each preparation. Temperature was 20°C. All loops are traversed in a counter-clockwise direction, indicating net positive work output.

View larger version (7K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Efficiency of soleus and medial gastrocnemius muscles from mini-muscle mice (line 3; M3) and normal (lines 7 and 8; N7, N8) mice. Values are means and s.e.m. *Significantly different (P<0.001) from other groups for that type of muscle.

View larger version (13K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. SDS-PAGE showing myosin heavy chain isoforms in medial gastrocnemius muscles (upper panels) and soleus muscles (lower panels) from mini-muscle mice (line 3; M3) and normal (line 8; N8) mice. Results from normal line 7 were similar to those from line 8.

View larger version (6K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Myosin heavy chain isoforms in soleus muscles of mini-muscle (line 3; M3) and normal (lines 7 and 8; N7, N8) mice. Myosin heavy chain isoforms are expressed as a percentage (mean+s.e.m.) of the total in each muscle sampled. *Significantly different (P<0.01) from all other groups. Significantly different (P<0.01) from N8.

View larger version (7K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Myosin heavy chain isoforms in medial gastrocnemius muscles of mini-muscle (line 3; M3) and normal (lines 7 and 8; N7, N8) mice. Myosin heavy chain isoforms are expressed as a percentage (mean+s.e.m.) of the total in each muscle sampled. *Significantly different (P<0.001) from all other groups.

View larger version (6K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Myosin heavy chain isoforms in lateral gastrocnemius muscles of mini-muscle (line 3; M3) and normal (lines 7 and 8; N7, N8) mice. Myosin heavy chain isoforms are expressed as a percentage (mean+s.e.m.) of the total in each muscle sampled. *Significantly different (P<0.001) from all other groups.

View larger version (7K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Myosin heavy chain isoforms in plantaris muscles of mini-muscle (line 3; M3) and normal (lines 7 and 8; N7, N8) mice. Myosin heavy chain isoforms are expressed as a percentage (mean s.e.m.) of the total in each muscle sampled. *Significantly different (P<0.001) from all other groups. Significantly different (P<0.001) from N8.

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