spacer gif spacer gif spacer gif spacer gif spacer gif
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


spacer gif
     Home     Help     Feedback     Subscriptions     Archive     Search     Table of Contents    

First published online January 16, 2009
Journal of Experimental Biology 212, 429-434 (2009)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2009
doi: 10.1242/jeb.022343
This Article
Right arrow Summary Freely available
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Related articles in JEB
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Nicolson, S. W.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow Articles by Nicolson, S. W.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Complore   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati   Add to Twitter  
What's this?

Water homeostasis in bees, with the emphasis on sociality

Susan W. Nicolson

Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa


Figure 1
View larger version (126K):
[in this window]
[in a new window]

  		Fig. 1. Female Allodapula variegata concentrating the dilute (14%) nectar of Aloe arborescens by evaporation. The regurgitated droplet, held under the tongue, is repeatedly sucked in and out and may be very large in relation to the size of the bee (body length 7 mm). Photo, Michael Ellis.

 

Figure 2
View larger version (7K):
[in this window]
[in a new window]

  		Fig. 2. Relative masses of sugar and water in nectars of various concentrations and in honey (horizontal red line). The figure shows the nectar-processing advantage for Apis mellifera scutellata workers concentrating the nectar of Aloe greatheadii var. davyana from 20% to 40% on their tongues: two-thirds of the necessary evaporation is achieved before the bees return to the hive (Nicolson and Human, 2008Go).

 

Figure 3
View larger version (45K):
[in this window]
[in a new window]

  		Fig. 3. Honeybee abdomen showing full crop (A) or full rectum (B). Adapted from plate 8 in Dade (Dade, 1962Go).

 

Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Complore Complore   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati   Add to Twitter Twitter    What's this?



© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2009