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First published online December 26, 2008
Journal of Experimental Biology 212, 178-183 (2009)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2009
doi: 10.1242/jeb.024554
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The influence of experience in orientation: GPS tracking of homing pigeons released over the sea after directional training

Gaia Dell'Ariccia*, Giacomo Dell'Omo and Hans-Peter Lipp

Division of Neuroanatomy and Behaviour, Anatomy Institute, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. GPS tracks of homing pigeons (A) during their last training release and (B) during the experimental sea release (SEA). Red tracks: pigeons trained from the release site SS, north-west of the home loft (H). Blue tracks: pigeons trained from the release site CR, south-east of the home loft.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. Detail of Fig. 1B showing eight tracks crossing the coastline in correspondence of the town of Ladispoli and four tracks crossing over countryside and cultivated areas. The high density of conspicuous buildings makes towns the most evident feature of the coastline when looking from the sea.

 

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  		Fig. 3. (A) Average homing speed recorded by GPS and (B) straightness index during flight paths over sea and over land of the same tracks. When over sea, pigeons fly faster and straighter than when flying over land. Bars indicate means and s.e.m. ***P<0.0001.

 

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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2009