First published online May 1, 2009
Journal of Experimental Biology 212, 1477-1482 (2009)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2009
doi: 10.1242/jeb.022152
Tracking stress: localisation, deposition and stability of corticosterone in feathers
Gary R. Bortolotti1,*,
Tracy Marchant1,
Julio Blas1,2 and
Sonia Cabezas1
1 Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada S7N
5E2
2 Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC), 41092 Sevilla,
Spain

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Fig. 1. Distribution of the amount of corticosterone in five primary feathers of
bald eagles sampled in 21 mm segments from distal to proximal position along
the shaft and expressed as (A) concentration (pg mg–1) and by
(B) a linear measurement (pg mm–1). Symbols represent
individual feathers, and lines show significant correlations (see text).
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Fig. 2. Amount of corticosterone distal (1) to proximal (3) in feathers of five
species (two feathers per species, see text) as measured by (A) concentration
(pg mg–1) and by (B) a linear measurement (pg
mm–1). Lines connect individual feathers.
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Fig. 3. Corticosterone levels (mean±95% C.I.) in remiges of 11 species
comparing the heat treatment (closed squares) versus control (open
circles). Species: 1, Canada goose; 2, great blue heron; 3, great horned owl;
4, prairie falcon; 5, common raven; 6, redhead; 7, Franklin's gull; 8,
sandhill crane; 9, short-eared owl; 10, shoveler; 11, Swainson's hawk.
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Fig. 4. Mean (±s.e.m.) level of corticosterone (pg mm–1) in
back feathers of great horned owls from a recent sample of alive and dead
(i.e. carcass) birds, as well as an historical sample of museum specimens from
Saskatoon, Canada.
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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2009