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First published online August 22, 2008
Journal of Experimental Biology 211, 2859-2864 (2008)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2008
doi: 10.1242/jeb.017970
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The effects of short-term antioxidant supplementation on oxidative stress and flight performance in adult budgerigars Melopsittacus undulatus

S. D. Larcombe1, C. A. Tregaskes2, J. S. Coffey2, A. E. Stevenson2, L. Alexander2 and K. E. Arnold1,*

1 Division of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
2 WALTHAM® Centre for Pet Nutrition, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Melton-Mowbray, Leicestershire LE14 4RT, UK


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  		Fig. 1. Measurements of oxidative stress (means ± s.e.m.) following each diet: enhanced quality (EQ, 10% Nutrivit® inclusion) and reduced quality (RQ, 1% Nutrivit® inclusion). (A) Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) indicating degree of lipid peroxidation. (B) Percentage of intact DNA after high pH comet (alkali labile sites and single strand breaks). (C) Percentage of intact DNA after low pH comet (single strand breaks). In all cases, asterisks indicate a significant difference (generalised linear mixed model, GLMM, P<0.05).

 

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  		Fig. 2. Escape time was longer in birds with higher body mass, regardless of diet treatment, than in lighter birds.

 

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  		Fig. 3. Plasma concentration (means ± s.e.m.) of (A) lutein, (B) {alpha}-tocopherol and (C) retinol, following each diet: enhanced quality (EQ, 10% Nutrivit® inclusion) and reduced quality (RQ, 1% Nutrivit® inclusion). Data are presented in the order in which diets were received to demonstrate lack of carry-over effect.

 

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