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First published online August 22, 2008
Journal of Experimental Biology 211, 2841-2848 (2008)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2008
doi: 10.1242/jeb.017319

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Reversed functional topology in the antennal lobe of the male European corn borer

Zsolt Kárpáti^1,2,*, Teun Dekker^1,*, and Bill S. Hansson^1,3

¹ Division of Chemical Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 44, SE-230 53, Sweden
² Plant Protection Institute of Hungarian Academy of Sciences, PO Box 102, H-1525, Budapest, Hungary
³ Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany

View larger version (80K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. The antennal lobe (AL) of male and female Z-strain O. nubilalis. (A) Confocal section through a male AL. Overview staining: in green -synapsin labeled with Alexa Fluor 488, and in red phalloidin conjugated to Alexa Fluor 546. (B,C) Three-dimensional reconstruction of the male AL in A. In pink and blue are the two large intertwined macroglomerular complex (MGC) glomeruli; in yellow, the smaller posterior MGC glomerulus. Ordinary glomeruli are depicted in gray, with darker shading indicating more posterior positions. Orientation: L, lateral; V, ventral; D, dorsal; P, posterior. (D) A confocal section through a female AL. Overview staining as in (A). (E,F) Three-dimensional reconstruction of the female AL in D. In green and orange are the two large female glomeruli (LFG1 and 2, respectively). Ordinary glomeruli are depicted in gray, with darker shading indicating more posterior positions. (G–J) Three-dimensional reconstructions of the MGC of four different males. Note the variability in structure. Scale bars, 50 µm.

View larger version (56K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Axonal projections into the macroglomerular complex (MGC) of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) after activity-dependent neurobiotin staining. ORN (yellow) in a red -synapsin-labeled background. Left panel: confocal micrographs displaying part of the neuron. Note that to visualize large parts of the neuron several confocal sections were overlayed, which blurs glomerular delineations. Right panel: three-dimensional reconstruction of the two large MGC glomeruli (lateral, pink; medial, blue) and axonal projection of the ORN (green). For clarity, the glomerulus receiving axonal input is also shown excised from the MGC. (A) Anterograde staining of Z-male Z11-14:OAc-specific ORN. ORN axonal branches arborize in the medial glomerulus. (B) Anterograde staining of Z-male E11-14:OAc-specific ORN. Axonal arbors were found exclusively in the lateral MGC glomerulus. (C) Anterograde staining of E-male E11-14:OAc-specific ORN. Synapses are exclusively limited to the medial MGC glomerulus. (D) Anterograde staining of E-male Z11-14:OAc-specific ORN. Here the axon exclusively arborizes in the lateral MGC compartment. Scale bars, 50 µm.

View larger version (62K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Dendritic arborization patterns of projection neurons (PNs) in the macroglomerular complex (MGC) of O. nubilalis. PN (green) in a red -synapsin-labeled background. Left panel: some confocal sections with part of the neuron visible. Note that to visualize large parts of the neuron several confocal sections were overlayed, which blurs glomerular delineations. Right panel: three-dimensional reconstruction of the two large MGC glomeruli (lateral, pink; medial, blue) and axonal projection of the olfactory receptor neuron (ORN; green). For clarity, the glomerulus receiving axonal input is also shown excised from the MGC. (A) The MGC of a Z-strain male displaying a Z11-14:OAc-specific PN staining with exclusive arborizations in the medial glomerulus. (B) The MGC of a Z-strain male displaying dendrites of E11-14:OAc-specific PNs only arborizing in the lateral glomerulus. (C) The MGC of an E-strain male displaying an E11-14:OAc-specific PN staining. E11-14:OAc-specific PNs arborized exclusively in the larger, medial MGC compartment. (D) As in C but now displaying a Z11-14:OAc-specific PN staining. In the E-strain, Z11-14:OAc-specific PN arborizations were restricted to the lateral MGC compartment. (E) A blend-specific PN, responding more strongly to a blend of Z11- or E11-14:OAc than the sum of the responses to the components separately, typically arborized in both large MGC glomeruli. (F) Typical responses of Z11- and E11-14:OAc-specific PN in the Z-strain. Scale bars, 50 µm.

View larger version (23K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Histograms of the response of specific PNs to E11- or Z11-14:OAc. Only preparations resulting in single PN stains are included. Empty squares indicate concentrations not tested on a specific neuron. In red are specific PNs that respond to the major pheromone component and in blue those that respond to the minor pheromone component. (A) Histogram of responses of Z-strain males to Z11- and E11-14:OAc (blue, E11-14:OAc PN; red, Z11-14:OAc PN). (B) Histogram of responses of E-strain males to Z11- and E11-14:OAc (blue, Z11-14:OAc PN; red, E11-14:OAc PN). (C) Sample dose–response trace of a Z-strain Z11-14:OAc-specific PN to Z11- and E11-14:OAc.

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