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First published online July 14, 2008
Journal of Experimental Biology 211, 2533-2541 (2008)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2008
doi: 10.1242/jeb.015610
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The alkaline tide and ammonia excretion after voluntary feeding in freshwater rainbow trout

Carol Bucking* and Chris M. Wood

McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8S 4K1


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. Changes in total plasma ammonia concentration (Tamm; µmol l–1) following feeding to satiation. Feeding occurred immediately following the time 0 h sampling, which was used as the control. Values are means ± s.e.m.; N=7. Each value was from a separate fish. *Significant difference (P<0.05) from the control.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. Flux of total ammonia to the water (JTamm; µmol kg–1 h–1) from fed and unfed fish. Open symbols indicate unfed fish, filled symbols indicate fish that were fed immediately before the experiment began. Values are means ± s.e.m.; N=6 for each treatment. The same six fish were measured at each interval. {dagger}Significant difference (P<0.05) between fed and unfed fish.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. Flux of total titratable alkalinity to the water (JTAlk; µmol kg–1 h–1) from fed and unfed fish. Open symbols indicate unfed fish, filled symbols indicate fish that were fed immediately before the experiment began. Data were simultaneously obtained from the fish used in Fig. 2. Values are means ± s.e.m.; N=6 for each treatment. {dagger}Significant difference (P<0.05) between fed and unfed fish.

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 4. The overall net acid or base flux to the water from fed and unfed fish. Positive values indicate a net base flux (JnetOH–; µmol kg–1 h–1), whereas negative values indicate a net acid flux (JnetH+; µmol kg–1 h–1). Open symbols indicate unfed fish, filled symbols indicate fish that were fed immediately before the experiment began. Data were calculated from the difference between values shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 on an individual fish basis (see Materials and methods for further explanation). Values are means ± s.e.m.; N=6 for each treatment. {dagger}Significant difference (P<0.05) between fed and unfed fish.

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 5. Arterial blood pH (pHa) in unfed and fed fish. One set of fish (indicated by the filled symbols) were fed immediately following the time 0 sample, while another set of fish (open symbols) remained unfed. Values are means ± s.e.m.; N=8 for each treatment. Time points with the same letters are not significantly different (P>0.05).

 

Figure 6
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  		Fig. 6. (A) Arterial blood plasma bicarbonate concentration ([HCO3–3]a; mmol l–1) and (B) CO2 tension (PaCO2; mmol Hg). One set of fish (indicated by the filled symbols) were fed immediately following the time 0 sample, while another set of fish (open symbols) remained unfed. Values are means ± s.e.m.; N=8 for each treatment. Time points with the same letters are not significantly different (P>0.05).

 

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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2008