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First published online July 14, 2008
Journal of Experimental Biology 211, 2450-2459 (2008)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2008
doi: 10.1242/jeb.017947
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Physiological and molecular mechanisms of osmoregulatory plasticity in killifish after seawater transfer

Graham R. Scott1,*,{dagger}, Daniel W. Baker1,*, Patricia M. Schulte1 and Chris M. Wood2

1 Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
2 Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton ON, Canada L8S 4K1


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. (A) Na+/K+-ATPase activity increased in the gills of killifish after transfer from brackish water (BW; 10% seawater; grey bars) to seawater (SW; black bars). (B) Activity appeared to increase by a similar magnitude in the opercular epithelium, but this was not significant. Data are expressed as means ± s.e.m. (N shown within each bar). *Significantly different from pre-transfer (Pre) brackish water control (assessed using a post-hoc test; P<=0.05).

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. Expression of genes involved in ion secretion increased in both gills (A) and opercular epithelium (B) after seawater transfer. Na+/K+-ATPase {alpha}1a subunit, Na+/K+/2Cl– cotransporter 1 (NKCC1), cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Cl– channel, Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3) and carbonic anhydrase isoform II (CAII) mRNA levels are shown after transfer from brackish water (10% seawater) to brackish water (BW; handling control, grey bars) or seawater (SW; black bars). Expression is relative to the expression of EF1{alpha} and is normalized to pre-transfer brackish water controls. Data are expressed as means ± s.e.m. (N shown within each bar). *Significantly different from time-matched brackish water controls (P<=0.05); {dagger}significantly different from pre-transfer (Pre) brackish water controls (assessed using a post-hoc test; P<=0.05).

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. Drinking rate of killifish increased after transfer from brackish water (BW, 10% seawater; grey bar) to seawater (SW; black bars). Data are expressed as means ± s.e.m. (N shown within each bar). *A significant difference from pre-transfer (`pre') brackish water control (assessed using a post-hoc test).

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 4. Bulk water absorption rates (A) and net ion transport rates (Na+, solid bars; Cl–, hatched bars) (B) across the isolated killifish intestine decreased after transfer from brackish water (BW; 10% seawater; grey bars) to seawater (SW; black bars). Net absorption occurs in the positive direction. Data are expressed as means ± s.e.m. (N shown within each bar). *Significantly different from pre-transfer (Pre) brackish water control (assessed using a post-hoc test; P<=0.05). Net Cl– flux was greater than net Na+ flux overall (by two-way ANOVA).

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 5. Bulk water absorption rate correlated to net strong ion absorption rate (sum of net Na+ and Cl– flux rate) across killifish intestine, in brackish water (BW; 10% seawater; grey squares) and after transfer to seawater (SW; black triangles and diamonds). Bulk water transport was correlated to net ion transport (r2=0.792, P<0.0001), with a slope of 0.00336±0.00030 ml H2O µmol–1 strong ion. Grey dashed lines represent 95% confidence limits of regression.

 

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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2008