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First published online July 14, 2008
Journal of Experimental Biology 211, 2431-2441 (2008)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2008
doi: 10.1242/jeb.017285
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The neuroethology of song cessation in response to gleaning bat calls in two species of katydids, Neoconocephalus ensiger and Amblycorypha oblongifolia

Hannah M. ter Hofstede* and James H. Fullard

Biology Department, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. Oscillograms of the calling song of (A) Neoconocephalus ensiger and (B) Amblycorypha oblongifolia at a time scale typical for the period of A. oblongifolia.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. Percentage of individuals per threshold sound intensity producing a response (song pausing or cessation) for (A) a gleaning echolocation sequence and (B) a search call echolocation sequence, and song cessation for (C) a gleaning echolocation sequence and (D) a search call echolocation sequence. NT, no threshold, indicating that the katydid continued to sing after the final 90 dB peSPL stimulus.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. T-cell responses to pulsed sound in katydids. (A) Synchronized oscillograms of a double electrode recording from Amblycorypha oblongifolia. Top trace: descending ipsilateral connective from the prothoracic ganglion; middle trace: ascending ipsilateral connective from the prothoracic ganglion; bottom trace: microphone recording of the sound stimulus (a 10 ms 25 kHz pulse). (B) Audiogram curves of threshold T-cell responses to 10 ms pulses for Amblycorypha oblongifolia (N=12) and Neoconocephalus ensiger (N=17). Asterisks indicate significant differences between species (t-tests, P<0.0025).

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 4. Mean number of T-cell action potentials for each echolocation sequence and mean of the five greatest instantaneous spike rates per intensity for Neoconocephalus ensiger and Amblycorypha oblongifolia. Black lines: Myotis septentrionalis gleaning attack echolocation sequence; grey lines: M. septentrionalis search call sequence. Bars indicate ± s.e.m. B, background activity (see Materials and methods). Different letters indicate significant differences between activity levels.

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 5. Maximum T-cell instantaneous rate (s–1) for 100 ms time bins across the first 1 s of the 85 dB peSPL Myotis septentrionalis search calls (squares) and Teleogryllus oceanicus calls (circles) for (A) Neoconocephalus ensiger (N=10) and (B) Amblycorypha oblongifolia (N=10). Bars indicate ± s.e.m.

 

Figure 6
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  		Fig. 6. Relationship between T-cell best frequency (frequency with the lowest intensity threshold) and peak frequency of the calling song for 13 species of Tettigoniidae. Sources: Neoconocephalus ensiger (Faure and Hoy, 2000bGo); Amblycorypha rotundifolia (Forrest et al., 2006Go); Acripeza reticulata, Caedicia longipennis, Mygalopsis marki (Hill and Oldfield, 1981Go); Decticus sp. (Nebeling, 2000Go); Neoconocephalus retusus (Schul and Sheridan, 2006Go); Phaneroptera falcata (Schul et al., 2000Go); Ancistrura nigrovittata (Stumpner and Molina, 2006Go); Conocephalus saltator, Drepanoxiphus modestus, Phlugis sp. 1 and sp. 2 (Suga, 1966Go).

 

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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2008