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First published online June 27, 2008
Journal of Experimental Biology 211, 2327-2335 (2008)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2008
doi: 10.1242/jeb.016832
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Effects of salinity on intestinal bicarbonate secretion and compensatory regulation of acid–base balance in Opsanus beta

Janet Genz*, Josi R. Taylor and Martin Grosell

University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33419-1098, USA


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. Total CO2 in the blood plasma (open circles) and intestinal fluid (filled circles) of toadfish acutely transferred from 35 to 60 ppt and sampled at 0, 6, 24 and 96 h post-transfer. Values are means ± s.e.m. (N>=7). An asterisk (*) indicates statistically significant difference from 0 h value (P<0.05).

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. Concentrations of Na+, Cl–, Mg2+, SO42–, Ca2+ and K+ in intestinal fluids of toadfish acutely transferred from 35 to 60 ppt and sampled at 0, 6, 24 and 96 h post-transfer. Values are means ± s.e.m. (N>=5). An asterisk (*) indicates statistically significant difference from 0 h value (P<0.05).

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. Concentrations of Na+, Cl–, Mg2+, Ca2+ and K+ in blood plasma of toadfish acutely transferred from 35 to 60 ppt and sampled at 0, 6, 24 and 96 h post-transfer. Values are means ± s.e.m. (N>=6). An asterisk (*) indicates statistically significant difference from 35 ppt (P<0.05).

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 4. (A) HCO3– equivalents and (B) pH of blood plasma and rectal fluids collected at 48 h from toadfish acclimated to 9, 35 and 50 ppt. Values are means ± s.e.m. (N>=5). An asterisk (*) indicates statistically significant difference from 35 ppt (P<0.05).

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 5. Mg2+, Cl–, SO42–, Na+, Ca2+ and K+ excreted in rectal fluid over 48 h by toadfish acclimated to 9, 35 and 50 ppt (µmol kg–1 h–1). The fraction of total Mg2+ and Ca2+ excreted in precipitates is shown in stacked bars. Values are means ± s.e.m. (N>=4). An asterisk (*) indicates statistically significant difference from 35 ppt (P<0.05).

 

Figure 6
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  		Fig. 6. Rectal and non-rectal excretion of acid–base equivalents over 48 h (µequiv kg–1 h–1) by toadfish acclimated to 9, 35 and 50 ppt and fitted with rectal collection sacs. (A) Total rectal base excretion is the sum of base equivalents in both rectal fluid and precipitate. (B) Total non-rectal acid excretion is the sum of non-rectal titratable acid and ammonium fluxes. (C) Whole-animal net acid–base flux is given as acid excretion (the sum of the rectal base excretion and non-rectal acid excretion). Values are means ± s.e.m. (N>=6). An asterisk (*) indicates statistically significant difference from 35 ppt (P<0.05).

 

Figure 7
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  		Fig. 7. Estimated drinking rate (ml kg–1 h–1), fluid absorption rate (ml kg–1 h–1) and fractional fluid absorption of toadfish acclimated to 9, 35 and 50 ppt. Drinking rates were estimated based on Mg2+ and SO42– concentrations in rectal fluid samples and 9, 35 and 50 ppt water. Values are means ± s.e.m. (N=6). An asterisk (*) indicates statistically significant difference from 35 ppt (P<0.05).

 

Figure 8
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  		Fig. 8. Calculated (A) absorption rate (µmol kg–1 h–1) and (B) fractional absorption of ingested Na+ and Cl– by toadfish acclimated to 9, 35 and 50 ppt based on Na+ and Cl– concentrations in rectal fluid samples and 9, 35 and 50 ppt water. Values are means ± s.e.m. (N>=5). An asterisk (*) indicates statistically significant difference from 35 ppt (P<0.05).

 

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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2008