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First published online June 13, 2008
Journal of Experimental Biology 211, 2058-2065 (2008)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2008
doi: 10.1242/jeb.018044
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Why go bipedal? Locomotion and morphology in Australian agamid lizards

Christofer J. Clemente1,*, Philip C. Withers2, Graham Thompson3 and David Lloyd4

1 Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
2 Zoology, School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
3 Centre for Ecosystem Management, Edith Cowan University, Western Australia, Australia
4 School of Sport science, Exercise and Health, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. Evolution of bipedalism within extant lizards. Phylogeny and cartoons from Fry et al. (Fry et al., 2006Go) and Townsend et al. (Townsend et al., 2004Go) with permission.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. Maximum likelihood hypothesis for Australian agamids using 1748 bp from mitochondrial gene sequences (Melville et al., 2001Go). Branch lengths are in substitutions per site x 1000.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. Percentage of strides that were bipedal for each of the lizards used in the study. Species means and standard errors are shown.

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 4. Relationship between the percentage of strides run bipedally with morphological and performance variables. Residual %bipedal and residual body centre of mass (body-COM) scores are from snout–vent length. Residual endurance scores are from mass.

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 5. Average speed and acceleration scores for all strides of four species of Australian agamid. For acceleration scores, the transitional point, indicated by the broken line, is predicted from probit analysis.

 

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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2008