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First published online May 2, 2008
Journal of Experimental Biology 211, 1681-1689 (2008)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2008
doi: 10.1242/jeb.016436
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Size matters: diversity in swimbladders and Weberian ossicles affects hearing in catfishes

Walter Lechner and Friedrich Ladich*

Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. Lateral and ventral view of the six species possessing free swimbladders and ventral, dorso-lateral (Malapterurus) or side (Trachelyopterichthys) view of the Weberian ossicles. Swimbladders are in blue. Ossicle sizes were standardized and correspond to individuals of the same standard length. Scale bars, 5 cm for fish and 1 mm for ossicles. c, caudal; Cl, claustrum; d, dorsal; Ic, intercalarium; l, lateral; Li, ligamentum interossiculare; m, median; Os, ossicle; r, rostral; Sc, scaphium; Tr, tripus; v, ventral.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. Lateral and ventral view of the five species with paired and encapsulated swimbladders and ventral view of the Weberian ossicles. Swimbladders are in blue. Ossicle sizes standardized as in Fig. 1. Scale bars, 5 cm for fish and 0.5 mm for ossicles. c, caudal; l, lateral; Li, ligamentum interossiculare; m, median; Os, ossicle; r, rostral; Sb, swimbladder; Sc, scaphium; Tr, tripus.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. Histogram showing the number of ossicles within the catfish species described.

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 4. Scanning electron microscope micrograph of the single ossicle of Corydoras sodalis. Ventral view, scale bar 200 µm; c, caudal; l, lateral; m, median, r, rostral.

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 5. Auditory evoked potential audiograms of the catfish species investigated.

 

Figure 6
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  		Fig. 6. Mean hearing thresholds (± s.e.m.) of all species with free swimbladders (blue) and paired, bony encapsulated bladders (red). Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences (Mann–Whitney U-test; for details see text). 1 kHz: *P<0.05, N=75; 2–5 kHz: **P<0.001, N=70–74.

 

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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2008