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First published online April 20, 2007
Journal of Experimental Biology 210, 1613-1621 (2007)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2007
doi: 10.1242/jeb.005454
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The biological importance of measuring individual variation

Douglas L. Crawford* and Marjorie F. Oleksiak

Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Marine Biology and Fisheries, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149, USA


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. Metabolism and body mass. Log10 of substrate metabolism was regressed against log10 body mass. All regressions are significant (P<0.005). FA, fatty acid; LKA, lactate, ketones and alcohol.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. Substrate-specific metabolic rates. Displayed are the residuals from log-regression of metabolism versus body mass. The identification number of each individual is shown on the x-axes (M, Maine population; G, Georgia population). (A) Substrate-specific metabolism. (B) Metabolism for all three substrates. Negative values indicate metabolic rate below the value predicted by log Body mass regression. The numbers at the top of the graph are group numbers (see text). FA, fatty acid; LKA, lactate, ketones and alcohol. Data from Oleksiak et al. (Oleksiak et al., 2005Go).

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. Gene expression and cardiac metabolism. Principal components (PC) summarize metabolic pathway gene expression. The nine graphs illustrate which metabolic pathway explains the most variation in substrate-specific metabolism for the three groups. FA, fatty acid; LKA, lactate, ketones and alcohol; Gly, glycolysis; OxP, oxidative phosphorylation; TCA, tricarboxylic acid. Modified from Oleksiak et al. (Oleksiak et al., 2005Go).

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 4. Metabolic genes correlate expression. Correlations between the expressions of two enzymes; green boxes are significant positive correlations, blue is negative, and yellow is a lack of correlation. Correlation among (A) all metabolic genes; (B) oxidative phosphorylation genes; (C) glycolytic genes and (D) TCA genes. These are symmetric matrices, thus the order of genes across the top is the same as on the left side. Gene names are not given in A and B because of size constraints.

 




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