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First published online March 16, 2007
Journal of Experimental Biology 210, 1216-1224 (2007)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2007
doi: 10.1242/jeb.002881

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Maximum cardiac performance and adrenergic sensitivity of the sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax at high temperatures

Anthony P. Farrell^1,*, Michael Axelsson², Jordi Altimiras³, Erik Sandblom² and Guy Claireaux⁴

¹ UBC Centre for Aquaculture and the Environment, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Department of Zoology, 2357 Main Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
² Göteborg University, Department of Zoology, PO Box 463, SE-405 30, Göteborg, Sweden
³ University of Linköping, Department of Biology, IFM, SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden
⁴ Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, Département de Biologie Intégrative, 1 Quai de la Daurade, 34200 Sète, France

View larger version (19K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. A comparison of (A) heart rate, (B) cardiac output , (C) stroke volume VSH and (D) power output of perfused sea bass hearts from 18°C- and 22°C-acclimated fish and their responses to increasing concentrations of adrenaline in the perfusate. Values are means ± s.e.m. for fish acclimated to 18°C (N=6) and 22°C (N=6). Asterisks indicate a significant difference (P<0.05) between acclimation temperatures.

View larger version (22K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. The responses of (A) cardiac output and (B) cardiac stroke volume VSH to increasing filling pressure Pin, and (C) cardiac power output to increasing output pressure Pout, for the perfused 18°C-acclimated sea bass heart preparation with different concentrations of adrenaline (5–500 nmol l–1) in the perfusate. Values are means ± s.e.m. for the control and maximal stimulation for fish acclimated to 18°C (N=6). Asterisks indicate a significant difference (P<0.05) between control and maximal stimulation.

View larger version (19K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. The responses of (A) cardiac output and (B) cardiac stroke volume VSH to increasing filling pressure Pin, and (C) cardiac power output to increasing output pressure Pout, for the perfused 22°C-acclimated sea bass heart preparation with different concentrations of adrenaline (10–500 nmol l–1) in the perfusate. Values are means ± s.e.m. for the control and maximal stimulation for fish acclimated to 22°C (N=6). Asterisks indicate a significant difference (P<0.05) between control and maximal stimulation.

View larger version (18K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. A comparison of temperature acclimation on the tonic and maximum adrenergic stimulation of the perfused sea bass heart preparation at 22°C (100 nmol l–1 adrenaline; N=6) and 18°C (50 nmol l–1 adrenaline; N=6). Relationships are presented for (A) cardiac output and (B) cardiac stroke volume VSH to increasing filling pressure Pin, and (C) cardiac power output to output pressure Pout. Values are means ± s.e.m. (N=6). For clarity, significant differences are not included here, but are given in the other figures.