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First published online February 12, 2007
Journal of Experimental Biology 210, 825-835 (2007)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2007
doi: 10.1242/jeb.02711
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Getting the jump on skeletal muscle disuse atrophy: preservation of contractile performance in aestivating Cyclorana alboguttata (Günther 1867)

Beth L. Symonds1, Rob S. James2 and Craig E. Franklin1,*

1 School of Integrative Biology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
2 Department of Physiology and Sport Science, Coventry University, James Starley Building, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. Effect of aestivation on iliofibularis and sartorius muscle mass and cross-sectional area in the green-striped burrowing frog Cyclorana alboguttata. (A) Dry muscle mass (g) of control (N=6) and 9-month aestivator (N=5) iliofibularis and control (N=5) and 9-month aestivator (N=5) sartorius muscles. (B) Whole muscle cross-sectional area (mm2) of control and 9-month aestivator iliofibularis and sartorius muscles (N=5 for each group). Values are means ± s.e.m.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. Effect of aestivation on skeletal muscle fibre number and density of the iliofibularis and sartorius muscles from the green-striped burrowing frog Cyclorana alboguttata. (A) Total number of fibres within the iliofibularis and sartorius muscles of control and 9-month aestivator frogs (N=5 for both groups). (B) Density of fibres mm–2 within the iliofibularis and sartorius muscles of control and 9-month aestivator frogs (N=5 for both groups). The letters a and b indicate significantly different data sets (P<0.05). Values are means ± s.e.m.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. Fibre cross-sectional areas (µm2) of (A) the iliofibularis and (B) sartorius muscles for control and aestivator groups from the Green-striped burrowing frog, Cyclorana alboguttata (N=5 for both groups). Letters a–d indicate significantly different data sets (P<0.05). Values are means ± s.e.m.

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 4. Effect of aestivation on size frequency distribution of control and 9-month aestivator iliofibularis muscle (A) oxidative fibres and (B) glycolytic fibres (N=5 for both groups), and control and 9-month aestivator sartorius muscle (C) oxidative and (D) glycolytic fibres (N=5 for both groups). Fibre size is expressed as cross-sectional area in µm2. Values are means ± s.e.m.

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 5. Effect of aestivation on skeletal muscle power output-cycle frequency relationships determined via the work-loop technique for (A) iliofibularis and (B) sartorius muscles. Open symbols, control aestivator groups; closed symbols, 9-month aestivator groups (N=6 and N=5, respectively). Values are means ± s.e.m. The broken and solid lines represent cubic polynomial functions fitted to the control and treatment data, respectively.

 

Figure 6
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  		Fig. 6. Effect of aestivation on skeletal muscle fatigue resistance during a series of work loops for (A) iliofibularis and (B) sartorius muscles. Open symbols, control aestivator groups; closed symbols, 9-month aestivator groups (N=6 and N=5, respectively). Values are means ± s.e.m. The broken and solid lines represent cubic polynomial functions fitted to the control and treatment data, respectively.

 




© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2007