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First published online June 29, 2007
Journal of Experimental Biology 210, 2574-2584 (2007)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2007
doi: 10.1242/jeb.004028

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Cardiac remodelling in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum in response to phenylhydrazine-induced anaemia

Danielle L. Simonot and Anthony P. Farrell^*

Department of Biological Sciences, 8888 University Drive, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada

View larger version (10K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Acute effect of phenylhydrazine hydrochloride injections on haematocrit (Hct), cardiac output () and haemoglobin concentrations ([Hb]) in cold-acclimated rainbow trout. Each line and matched symbol represent data for an individual rainbow trout (N=5). Data were collected for up to a 5-day period following injection of phenylhydrazine hydrochloride.

View larger version (7K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Changes in haematocrit in warm-acclimated rainbow trout induced by four phenylhydrazine hydrochloride injections (syringe symbol) at weeks 0, 2, 4 and 6 (solid line and triangles) and compared with sham-injected control fish receiving saline (solid line and circles). The dotted lines represent the recovery periods. Mean values ± s.e.m. at weeks 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 represent N=6 fish and all other sample times represent N=3 fish. *Significant difference (P<0.05) between a time-matched PHZ-treated and sham-injected group, as determined by Student's t-test statistic (P<0.05).

View larger version (14K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. (A) Change in relative ventricular mass in warm-acclimated rainbow trout induced by four phenylhydrazine hydrochloride injections at weeks 0, 2, 4 and 6 (solid line and triangles) compared with sham-injected control fish receiving saline (solid line and circles). The dotted lines represent the recovery periods. Mean values ± s.e.m. at weeks 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 represent N=6 fish. +Significant difference (P<0.05) from the pre-treatment control value at week 0, as detected by ANOVA and Dunnett's test. *Significant difference (P<0.05) between a time-matched PHZ-treated and sham-injected group, as determined by Student's t-test statistic (P<0.05). (B) A linear relationship exists between wet and dry rMV, indicating constant water content among treatment groups.

View larger version (20K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Change in dry relative ventricular masses for compact (lower portion) and spongy (upper) myocardium in warm-acclimated rainbow trout induced by four phenylhydrazine hydrochloride injections at weeks 0, 2, 4 and 6 (hatched columns) compared with sham-injected control fish receiving saline (open columns) and followed by a recovery period to week 12. Values are means ± s.e.m., N=6. The horizontal lines denote mean values for the pre-treatment (day 0) controls (the dotted lines represent ± s.e.m.). +Significant difference (P<0.05) from the pre-treatment control value at week 0, as detected by ANOVA and Dunnett's test. *Significant difference (P<0.05) between the dry relative myocardial masses (compact, spongy and total) of time-matched PHZ-treated and sham-injected groups, as determined by Student's t-test statistic (P<0.05).

View larger version (14K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 5. (A) Change in relative ventricular mass in cold-acclimated rainbow trout induced by phenylhydrazine hydrochloride injections at weeks 0 and 2 (solid line and triangles) compared with sham-injected control fish receiving saline (solid line and circles) and untreated fish (solid line and open circles). The dotted lines represent the recovery periods. Mean values (± s.e.m.) at weeks 0, 4 and 8 represent N=10 fish. +Significant difference (P<0.05) from the pre-treatment control value at week 0, as detected by ANOVA and Dunnett's test. *Significant difference (P<0.05) between a time-matched PHZ-treated and sham-injected group, as determined by Student's t-test statistic (P<0.05). (B) A linear relationship exists between wet and dry rMV, indicating constant water content among treatment groups.

View larger version (16K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Change in dry relative ventricular masses for compact (lower portion) and spongy (upper) myocardium in cold-acclimated rainbow trout induced by phenylhydrazine hydrochloride injections at weeks 0 and 2 (hatched columns) compared with sham-injected control fish receiving saline (open columns) and untreated control fish (reverse hatched columns), and followed by a recovery period to week 8. Values are means ± s.e.m., N=6. The horizontal lines denote mean values for the pre-treatment (day 0) controls (the dotted lines represent ± s.e.m.). +Significant difference (P<0.05) from the pre-treatment control value at week 0, as detected by ANOVA and Dunnett's test. *Significant difference (P<0.05) between a time-matched PHZ-treated and sham-injected group, as determined by Student's t-test statistic (P<0.05).

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