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First published online June 11, 2007
Journal of Experimental Biology 210, 2137-2145 (2007)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2007
doi: 10.1242/jeb.006098
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The role of metals in molluscan adhesive gels

S. W. Werneke, C. Swann, L. A. Farquharson, K. S. Hamilton and A. M. Smith*

Department of Biology, Ithaca College, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. The metal content of the glue of A. subfuscus for three samples using the longest hydrolysis, as determined by the ICP atomic absorption spectrometer. There was no detectable cobalt or nickel. Values are mean ± s.e.m.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. Electroblot showing the iron-binding ability of proteins in the glue of A. subfuscus. The left side shows the Coomassie Blue-stained gel and the right side shows the corresponding ferene-stained membrane. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is in the left lane of each as a control, whereas the dissolved glue is in the right lane. Molecular masses are indicated in the left margin.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. The effect of specific ions on the proteins in the adhesive gel from A. subfuscus. The same amount of dissolved glue was initially present in each sample. From left to right, the lanes had either 10 mmol l–1 FeCl3, 1 mmol l–1 EDTA, 10 mmol l–1 MgCl2, 10 mmol l–1 CaCl2 or no extra ions added. Molecular masses are indicated in the left margin.

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 4. The effect of deferoxamine on the solubility of A. subfuscus glue. Bars show the relative staining intensity of three primary groups of bands on the gel. Proteins were extracted by either a neutral Tris buffer or the same buffer with deferoxamine. (A) Extraction of proteins from gels that have already set. (B) Extraction of proteins from gels as they are being secreted (during setting).

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 5. The effect of iron on the ability of A. subfuscus glue proteins to stiffen 2% citrus pectin. Stiffness (storage modulus) was measured with a dynamic rheometer. Approximately 0.5 mg ml–1 total protein was used from the glue, and 1 mmol l–1 deferoxamine (defx).

 




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