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First published online March 30, 2006
Journal of Experimental Biology 209, 1463-1486 (2006)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2006
doi: 10.1242/jeb.02147
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Changes in composition of spider orb web sticky droplets with starvation and web removal, and synthesis of sticky droplet compounds

Mark A. Townley1,*, Edward K. Tillinghast1 and Christopher D. Neefus2

1 Department of Zoology, University of New Hampshire, 46 College Road, Durham, NH 03824-2617, USA
2 Department of Plant Biology, University of New Hampshire, 46 College Road, Durham, NH 03824-2617, USA


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. Absolute (A,B) and relative (C,D) quantities of LMM in water extracts of webs built by Argiope trifasciata adult females in feeding (A,C) and starving/resumed feeding (B,D) groups. Average desiccated web masses within web collections are indicated by line graphs in A and B (right y-axis). The key (Bii) identifies the LMM, arranged in the same order, represented in all six bar charts. Several major LMM are also directly labeled in Di to further aid orientation. LMM with a net charge are represented by solid black or white, while net neutral LMM are shown in color. Proline was not detected in any A. trifasciata web collections. GAB, GABamide; Gly, glycine; Ise, isethionate; NAP, N-acetylputrescine.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. Molar percentages of GABamide (GAB), free glycine (Gly) and free alanine (Ala) in water extracts of webs built by (A) feeding and (B) starving/resumed feeding groups. In this and Figs 3, 4, a data point representing horizontally pooled web collections, e.g. web collections 14–19, was assigned an x-coordinate midway in this range, i.e. web collection 16.5 (see Materials and methods for explanation of `horizontal pooling' and supplementary material Table S1). Note the very different molar percentage ranges for different compounds. Purple diamonds, juvenile male Araneus cavaticus; green triangles, juvenile female A. cavaticus; red circles, adult female A. cavaticus; blue squares, adult female Argiope aurantia; open circles, adult female Argiope trifasciata.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. Molar percentages of N-acetylputrescine (NAP), isethionate (Ise), and N-acetyltaurine (NAT) in water extracts of webs built by (A) feeding and (B) starving/resumed feeding groups. Purple diamonds, juvenile male Araneus cavaticus; green triangles, juvenile female A. cavaticus; red circles, adult female A. cavaticus; blue squares, adult female Argiope aurantia; open circles, adult female Argiope trifasciata.

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 4. Molar percentages of choline (Cho) and glycine betaine (Bet) in water extracts of webs built by (A) feeding and (B) starving/resumed feeding groups. Purple diamonds, juvenile male Araneus cavaticus; green triangles, juvenile female A. cavaticus; red circles, adult female A. cavaticus; blue squares, adult female Argiope aurantia; open circles, adult female Argiope trifasciata.

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 5. Changes in LMM composition in webs built after construction of first (PES 1), second (PES 2), and third (PES 3) egg sacs by Argiope aurantia (A) and Argiope trifasciata (B). The PES 3 series from A. aurantia had to be ended prematurely (see Materials and methods). The key identifies the LMM, arranged in the same order, represented in the bar charts. Note that some LMM were either not detected in individual web collections or too minor to be visible in these plots. Glycine betaine and taurine, though not clearly visible in the bar charts, have been retained in the key as a reminder that these LMM were detected in some of these web collections and for consistency with Fig. 1 and supplementary material Figs S2–S7. GAB, GABamide; Gly, glycine; Ise, isethionate; NAP, N-acetylputrescine; NAT, N-acetyltaurine; PES, post-egg-sac group.

 




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