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First published online October 5, 2006
Journal of Experimental Biology 209, 4024-4032 (2006)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2006
doi: 10.1242/jeb.02457
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Sub-lethal and chronic salinity tolerances of three freshwater insects: Cloeon sp. and Centroptilum sp. (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) and Chironomus sp. (Diptera: Chironomidae)

Kathryn L. Hassell*, Ben J. Kefford and Dayanthi Nugegoda

Biotechnology and Environmental Biology, School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. Mean survival of three insect species exposed to a range of salinities. The mayflies Cloeon and Centroptilum were exposed for a period of 21 days, while Chironomus midges were exposed for their entire larval period. #1 refers to the first Centroptilum experiment (using wet lab water) and #2 refers to the second Centroptilum experiment (using river water).

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. Mean survival and emergence percentages of mayflies exposed to a range of salinities over 21 days. The black portion of the bars show percentage alive at 21 days and shaded portions show percentage emerged by 21 days. Values are means ± s.e.m. (N=9). (A) Cloeon (wet lab water); (B) Centroptilum (wet lab water); (C) Centroptilum (river water).

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. Percentage of emerged Chironomus in eight different salinity treatments. All larvae came from a single egg mass. Values are means ± s.e.m. (N=10–15); different letters indicate statistically significant differences (P=0.05) between treatments.

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 4. Time to emergence (days) in Chironomus exposed to different salinity treatments. Values are means ± s.e.m. (N=10–15); different letters indicate statistically significant differences (P=0.05) between treatments.

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 5. Mean growth rate (measured as increase in body length; mm), in Centroptilum exposed to different salinity treatments over 21 days. Values are means ± s.e.m. (N=9); there was no statistically significant differences (P=0.05) between treatments (a).

 

Figure 6
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  		Fig. 6. Mean growth rate (measured as increase in body length; mm), in Chironomus exposed to different salinity treatments from egg to emergence. Values are means ± s.e.m. (N=10–15); different letters indicate statistically significant differences (P=0.05) between treatments.

 




© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2006