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First published online January 3, 2006
Journal of Experimental Biology 209, 284-291 (2006)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2006
doi: 10.1242/jeb.02015

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Variation in the innate and acquired arms of the immune system among five shorebird species

Luisa Mendes^1,2,*, Theunis Piersma^1,3, Dennis Hasselquist⁴, Kevin D. Matson⁵ and Robert E. Ricklefs⁵

¹ Department of Marine Ecology and Evolution, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands
² Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Edifício C3, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
³ Animal Ecology Group, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies (CEES), University of Groningen, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands
⁴ Department of Animal Ecology, Lund University, Ecology Building, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden and
⁵ Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St Louis, MO 63121-4499, USA

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. (A) Natural antibody levels and (B) complement-mediated lysis in five species of shorebirds, estimated from the log2-transformation of the score of the 1:2 serial dilution of the shorebirds' sera. Natural antibody levels were calculated at the step where agglutination stops and complement at the step at which lysis stops (see text for details). Values are means ± s.e.m.

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Antibody titers before and after (repeated) vaccination with (A) diphtheria and (B) tetanus toxoids in five shorebird species tested within a month of capture. For the ruddy turnstone, the darker box represents the additional experiment where birds were tested 5 months after capture. The ruff, the only freshwater specialist, is indicated by a white box. The boxes enclose the 25% quartiles around the medium (horizontal line); the whiskers indicate the range of observed values that fall within a 1.5 spread of the interquartile range; and the asterisks represent observed values that fall outside that spread.