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First published online May 26, 2006
Journal of Experimental Biology 209, 2304-2311 (2006)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2006
doi: 10.1242/jeb.02208

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Neuron–glia metabolic coupling and plasticity

Pierre J. Magistretti

Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland and Centre de Neurosciences Psychiatriques, CHUV, Departement de Psychiatrie, Site de Cery, CH1008 Prilly/Lausanne, Switzerland

View larger version (68K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Model for neuron–glia metabolic coupling (see text for details) (modified from Magistretti et al., 1999).

View larger version (48K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Plasticity of glycogen metabolism in astrocytes. Activation of c-AMP-dependent intracellular signaling by a restricted set of neurotransmitters (noradrenaline, vasoactive intestinal peptide, adenosine) results in a short-term (seconds to minutes) effect, i.e. glycogenolysis, and in a delayed (hours) transcriptionally regulated action, i.e. glycogen resynthesis. This long-term plastic response triggers the induction of expression of a coordinated set of genes involved in glycogen resynthesis such as the transcription factors C/EBP, and the genes encoding for the enzymes glycogen synthase and protein targeting to glycogen.

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Functional plasticity of glycogen metabolism during sleep–wake cycle. Glycogen synthase activity is induced by sleep deprivation and returns to normal levels after 3 h recovery. ZT6, undisturbed animals sacrificed 6 h after light onset; SD6, animals sacrificed at the end of a 6 h sleep deprivation period; ZT9, undisturbed animals sacrificed 9 h after light onset; SR3, sleep deprived animals sacrificed after 3 h of sleep recovery. Asterisks, P<0.01.

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. (A) Spatial discrimination performance of mice. Animals were trained 9 days (squares) and retested 5 days later (Ret 5; last orange square). Values are means ± s.e.m. (N=6). (B–D) Changes in relative 14C-deoxyglucose along the antero-posterior axis in CA1 (top), CA3 (middle) and dentate gyrus (DG; bottom) at (B) day 1, (C) day 9 and (D) 5 days after last test (retention, Ret 5).