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First published online May 18, 2006
Journal of Experimental Biology 209, 2129-2137 (2006)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2006
doi: 10.1242/jeb.02243

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Hypoxia induces a complex response of globin expression in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Anja Roesner¹, Thomas Hankeln² and Thorsten Burmester^1,*

¹ Institute of Zoology, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
² Institute of Molecular Genetics, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Fish respiratory proteins. The scheme provides an overview on the expression and evolution of fish globins. MYA, million years ago. The arrow indicates the approximate time of divergence of teleost fish and tetrapods.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Expression of D. rerio globins at different oxygen levels. mRNA quantities were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. The white columns represent mRNA levels from zebrafish kept for 48 h at normoxia (PO2=18.4 kPa), grey columns are mRNA levels from zebrafish kept for 48 h at PO2=8.6 kPa, black columns are mRNA levels from zebrafish kept for 48 h at PO2=4.1 kPa. Values are means ± s.d. The significance of the data was estimated with a Student's t-test, with N=3 or 4 individuals for each data point. ***P<0.001; **P<0.01. ARP, acidic ribosomal protein; Cygb, cytoglobin; GbX, globin X; Hb, hemoglobin; LDHA, lactate dehydrogenase A; Mb, myoglobin; Ngb, neuroglobin; PGK1, phosphoglycerate kinase 1.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Rate of expression of D. rerio globin expression under hypoxia. Zebrafish were kept at PO2=4.1 kPa for 24 h (grey columns) and 48 h (black columns). The white columns represent the normoxia control. mRNA quantities were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Values are means ± s.d. ***P<0.001; **P<0.01; *P<0.05 (t-test). For abbreviations, see Fig. 2.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Expression of neuroglobin (Ngb) mRNA in zebrafish eye and brain. Zebrafish were kept for 24 h at normoxia (white columns) or PO2=4.1 kPa (black columns). Ngb mRNA levels from eye and brain were quantified separately by real-time PCR (N=4). The units of the y-axis are arbitrary. *P<0.05 (t-test).

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Expression of neuroglobin (Ngb) in zebrafish eye and brain, and myoglobin (Mb) in heart. Zebrafish were kept for 48 h at normoxia (white columns) or PO2=4.1 kPa (black columns). Ngb protein levels from eye and brain, and Mb levels from heart, were quantified separately (100 µg protein per lane; N=3). The units of the y-axis are arbitrary. ***P<0.001; *P<0.05 (t-test).

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