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First published online November 17, 2005
Journal of Experimental Biology 208, 4437-4444 (2005)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2005
doi: 10.1242/jeb.01907

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Plant senescence cues entry into diapause in the gall fly Eurosta solidaginis: resulting metabolic depression is critical for water conservation

Jason B. Williams^* and Richard E. Lee, Jr

Department of Zoology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Body water content (N=10) of Eurosta solidaginis larvae analyzed immediately after collection from the field or after 3, 6 or 10 days exposure to various relative humidities (RH). On a given day, laboratory group data with a `+' are significantly different from the 100% treatment using a one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparisons test.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. (A) Rates of total water loss (N=10), (B) rates of cuticular water loss (N=10) and (C) rates of metabolism (N=7) of Eurosta solidaginis larvae analyzed immediately after collection from the field or after 3, 6 or 10 daysexposure to various relative humidities. Rates of cuticular water loss were measured on larvae after their spiracles were topically blocked with stopcock grease. Values are means ± S.E.M. An asterisk indicates a significant difference from the 1 Oct. data point using a one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparisons test. On a given day, laboratory group data with a `+' are significantly different from the 100% treatment, using a one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparisons test.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. (A) Hemolymph osmolality (N=10), and (B) glycerol concentration (N=7) of Eurosta solidaginis larvae analyzed immediately after collection from the field or after 3, 6 or 10 days exposure to various relative humidities. Values are means ± S.E.M. An asterisk indicates a significant difference from the 1 Oct. data point using a one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparisons test. On a given day, laboratory group data with a `+' are significantly different from the 100% treatment using a one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparisons test.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Reductions in the total rate and cuticular rate of larval water loss between the non-diapausing 1 Oct. control and diapausing 20 Oct., 75% RH day 3, and 75% relative humidity (RH) day 10 experimental groups. These three experimental groups were chosen for this comparison because they had significantly reduced rates of both total water loss and cuticular water loss compared with the 1 Oct. control.